Geological diversity refers to the natural portion of the planet that is not alive, both at the surface and in the planet’s interior. By geodiversity, we mean the Earth's minerals, rocks, fossils, soils, sediments, landforms, topography and hydrological features such as rivers and lakes. Exceptional examples of geodiversity are preserved in UNESCO Global Geoparks around the world.

Recognizing the importance of geoscience in solving major challenges that humanity is facing today, UNESCO proclaimed 6 October as International Geodiversity Day.